Asif, who has taken 117 wickets in 33 first class matches, is the leading wicket taker on the domestic circuit this season while left-armer Khalil has played for the Pakistan junior and A sides.
"We have picked the best possible balanced outfit for what is going to be a very tough tour. But at the same time the youngsters in the side have a chance to establish themselves on a permanent basis," chief selector Wasim Bari told Reuters.
"Both have a lot of potential and with Shabbir Ahmed injured it was necessary to have a strong pace attack because in Australia the pitches are good for the pace bowlers."
Shabbir, who has not played since September because of a knee injury, failed to pass a fitness test.
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Bari said there would be two changes made for the one-day series in the 17-member squad.
Pakistan have never won a Test series in Australia and suffered a 3-0 whitewash in the last series between the two countries in 2002.
"Australia is always a tough tour for any touring side and they are playing very well at the moment. But I think we have a lot of balance and spirit in this team which is a blend of youth and experience," Bari said.
Pakistan - Imran Farhat, Salman Butt, Yasir Hameed, Younis Khan, Inzamam-ul-Haq (captain), Yousuf Youhana, Asim Kamal, Kamran Akmal, Shahid Afridi, Abdul Razzaq, Shoaib Malik, Shoaib Akhtar, Mohammad Sami, Mohammad Asif, Mohammad Khalil, Rana Naved, Danish Kaneria.
Reserves: Bazid Khan, Rao Iftikhar and Taufiq Umar.
